This black handle axe is hand forged & the material of the blade is carbon steel. This axe is fully functional. The dotted design helps maintain the grip of the handle. The pattern on the blade has been deep etched by hand and it does not fade. Handle comes from ash and rosewood tree. Shaft treated with oil. The cutting edge is forged. The handle of the axe is covered with oil with hard wax, emphasizing the natural beauty of the wood and extra strength to the handle of the axe. Cutting edge – 5.